Endocrine Abstracts

Introduction: Lipohypertrophy (LH) is a chronic complication of diabetes mellitus that caused by frequent subcutaneous injections of insulin. Nowadays, on the basis of results of ultrasonography of subcutaneous fat prevalence of LH in diabetic patients is still high.Design: The aim has been to develop prevention of insulin induced LH in diabetic patients. This study was done on 140 diabetic patients who had been under the treatment with insulin a mean 8 ...

Background: Paraganglioma is a rare neuroendocrine tumor from extra-adrenal chromaffin cells of the sympathetic paravertebral ganglia of thorax, abdomen, and pelvis. About 15–20% of chromaffin-cell tumors are paragangliomas. In most cases paragangliomas produce catecholamines in large concentrations and the lack of treatment can lead to cardiovascular and cerebral catastrophes. That is why early diagnosis of this tumor is so important and, consequently, knowledge of its d...

Background: Bariatric surgery remains the most effective method of weight loss and can result in partial or complete resolution of multiple obesity-related comorbidities. Bariatric surgery should be performed in conjunction with a comprehensive preoperative assessment and a follow-up plan consisting of nutritional, behavioral, and medical programs. The bariatric surgical procedures are associated with significant long-term complications, primarily malnutrition.<p class="ab...

Background: Cushing’s disease (CD) develops as a result of ACTH-secreting pituitary adenoma. Transsphenoidal selective surgery (TSS) is the first-line therapy, and success is largely determined by the experience of the surgeon. There are several reasons for the persistence of the disease, but it is almost impossible to predict such an outcome in advance, which leads to multiple interventions and has a pronounced effect on the quality of life of patients.<p class="abs...

Background: Parathyroid cancer is a rare pathology, approximately 2 cases per 10, 000, 000 people/year. The five-year survival rate for this disease ranges from 20–85%, and the ten-year survival rate is approximately 15–80%. Timely detection and compliance with algorithms for parathyroid gland cancer diagnostics allows surgical treatment and maximum positive prognosis for patient.Clinical case: Patient 18 y.o., was presented with complaints t...

Multiple endocrine neoplasia type 1 (MEN1) is a rare hereditary condition that most often manifests with primary hyperparathyroidism followed by other syndromes, but there are other variations in the clinical presentation, which can increase the risk of medical error and worsen prognosis. A 32-year-old woman presents with complaints of low glucose levels, hunger, weakness, sleep disturbances, which are stopped by taking sweets. At the age of 16, a pituitary macroadenoma, prola...

Background: Graves’ disease in combination with thyroid nodules is more common in women. However, more than one in three patients has carcinoma. Unfortunately, thyroid cancer is most frequently detected accidentally after a thyroidectomy for Graves’ disease, despite the wide possibilities of modern diagnostic methods.Clinical case: A 55-year women complained of discomfort in the neck, sweating, irritability, palpitation. From anamnesis: in 20...

Osteoporosis is a systemic skeletal disease characterized by a decrease in bone strength and an increased risk of fractures. In the structure of osteoporosis, secondary osteoporosis is 5% in women and 20% in men. Clinicians need to exclude the secondary nature of osteoporosis, since under the ’mask’ of mineral metabolism disorders, more rare and dangerous diseases can arise. A 65-years-old women presents with complaints of three low-traumatic fractures in the last ye...

Thyroid orbitopathy (TO) is an autoimmune inflammatory disease of retroocular tissues. Mostly, TO is associated with Graves’ hyperthyroidism. The development of TO is accompanied by pathological changes in the soft tissues of the orbit with damage to the optic nerve and cornea, the accessory apparatus of the eye. Despite the presence of specific symptoms, the diagnosis of TO causes problems for doctors. A 61-year-old man complained of discomfort in the eyes, double vision...

Thyrotoxicosis (T) develops as a result of persistent excess of thyroid hormones (TH). There are two groups of diseases that are fundamentally different in pathogenesis. The first group includes those in which the production of TH increases. Diseases of the second group are accompanied by T caused by destruction of the thyroid gland tissue. Therapeutic approaches for different types of T are different, therefore, a careful differential diagnosis of T is necessary, even if at f...